The Merchant Shipping
(Examination of Masters and Mates) Rules, 1985
APPENDIX
"D"
[See rule 12(3) (c)]
PROFICIENCY IN FIRE
FIGHTING SYLLABUS FOR THE COURSE
1. Introduction
The danger
of fire-usual causes of fire abroad ships : cigarettes ; leaking oil ; inflammable
material (rubbish, etc.) in the wrong place on board ship; galley appliances –
stoves, flues, fish frayers, hot plates, etc;
spontaneous ignition (oily rage, etc. and cargo) ; electrical apparatus,
inflammable cargo; welding and cutting (in port),
Elementary
precautions to prevent fire – examples of fires which could have been put out
by immediate action, but which developed because those who discovered them did
not know what to do.
The need for all
seafarers to be trained in preventing detecting and extinguishing fires.
2. The nature
of fire
The three essential elements of fire (the fire triangle); fuel,
heat and air. Types of fire : solid; liquid, electrical.
The spread of fire by radiation, convection, conduction.
3. Fire
Fighting
The three
main ways of putting out a fire-cooling, smothering and starving.
Cooling agents : water in the form of a solid jet or spray;
Smothering agents : foam, carbon dioxide (CO2) dry
chemicals, sand steam.
4. Fire-fighting
equipment
Hoses : Methods of coupling, including use of the
international shore connection; use of water jet (solid fires); use of water
spray (liquid fires); occasions when both can be used together.
Portable
extinguishers: Water and carbon dioxide (CO2) or soda acid-cooling agent for
small solid fires Foam-principal smothering agent for extinguishing liquid fires. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas smothers liquid and
electrical fires in enclosed spaces – useful in enclosed spaces-useful in
engine rooms (dangerous to remain in confined space after use).
Dry chemical – useful as a first step in dealing with oil and electrical
fires.
6. Fixed
installations on board ship :
Foam, CO2 inert gas and steam – smothering installations.
Automatic sprinklers, spray, fire alarm and detection systems.
7. Fireman's outfit : Axe, drilling machine, safety helmet and life line.
8. Breathing apparatus : Smoke mask; compressed air.
9. Organised fire prevention :
Patrols, atchmen, fire and smoke parties, and fire
drill.
10. Immediate
action to be taken on discovering a fire :
(a) at sea-raise
alarm immediately and then deal with fire until help comes;
(b) in port-call
fire brigade immediately, and then deal with the fire until the fire brigade
arrives. Liaison with
fire brigade.
11. Practical Exercises :
Charging portable extinguishers.
Demonstration of how to use each extinguisher.
Each trainee to
extinguish a fire with a portable extinguisher or hose in open and in an
enclosed space, wearing a smoke mask or compressed aire
breathing apparatus or in limited smoke without the mask or breathing.
Demonstration
of the wearing of a smoke mask and compressed air breathing apparatus.
Each trainee to wear a smoke mask and/or compressed air
breathing apparatus in smoke, emphasis to be given to the danger of panicking
in smoke and to the correct procedure to be adopted.
A knowledge
as to when resuscitation should be applied and a practical application of the
mouth-to-mouth procedure and the Holger Nielson
method as described in the International Medical Guide for Ships (World Health Organisation, Geneva, 1967).